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A roll-up summary field indeed requires a Master-Detail relationship. This type of field is specifically designed to aggregate data from child records to a parent record, and it can perform operations such as SUM, COUNT, MIN, and MAX on the child records.

The Master-Detail relationship is essential because it creates a tight bond between the parent and child objects. In this relationship, the child record's lifecycle is directly tied to the parent; if the parent is deleted, the child also gets deleted. This structure allows roll-up summary fields to accurately calculate values based on the associated child records without ambiguity.

If there was an option stating that a roll-up summary field could work without a Master-Detail relationship, it would be misleading, as this would be contrary to how these fields are designed and function within Salesforce. Therefore, stating that a roll-up summary field requires a Master-Detail relationship is true.